Psycholinguistic

1. Please give description what factors contribute for failure of language acquisition!

As we know that, language acquisition is the study of the processes through which learners acquire language. By itself, language acquisition refers to first language acquisition, which studies acquisition of their native language. The factors contribute for failures of language acquisition are motivation, age, physical defect, memory, environment, and parents do not enough to practice their children to speak up. The first is motivation. Motivation is influence someone or children to acquire the language, because motivation can give spirit to the children in acquire the language. Without motivation the children can failure in language acquisition. The second is physical defect. Many impacts if someone defect, for example noiseless, deaf, automatically someone who defect can not communicate to using language, they communicate by using body language. The third is age. If someone has old, many organs have dysfunction. He or she have problem in hearing, so that he or she failure in acquire the language. The next is memory. Memory is important in our life, with memory we can flashback what event happen before. If someone has low memory, he or she can’t remember what they talk about. Beside that, environment is the factor contributes for failure of language acquisition. If someone live in closed society, so he or she can less interaction and communicate to each other. The last is parents do not enough to practice their children to speak up. In this case, if parents do not enough to practice their children to speak up, so children will be closed and can fail in acquire the language.

2. What can you suggest for English language learning in elementary level, high school level, and higher education level based on your knowledge of human language acquisition?

In English language learning in elementary level, the teacher must choose the right words and suitable with situation and condition in order the students misunderstanding. Beside that, the teacher must have good pronunciation in order the students can produce sound of the words and students are able to read, write, and speak with the symbols given. So that, the students can acquires the language well. For example, in pronouncing character A, B, C, etc.

In high school level, the teacher has to creative in planning and implementing learning activities in which they do not only rely the activities on students’ textbook to increase their language acquisition and students are able to use English for survival purpose, to communicate for daily needs.

In higher education level, the teacher must understand and uses formal and informal assessment strategies to evaluate and ensure the continuous intellectual, social and physical development of the students in order they are able to transform knowledge with the medium of English language.

3. Harnomowo says that a book is as like food. It could be nutrition or toxin. Connect to memory, thought, and language based on illustration!

Memory is a place where exact wording is stored. Thought and language are distinct, and both are involved in performance. Thought is central and language is a symbolic system that refers incompletely to it. Immediate memory works with utterances and texts, longer term memory works with thought. In this case, what Harnomowo said that, in memory save all our activities and what our thinking and it is recorded in our mind, sometime we need brain storming to remember again what the moment done in our memory, so memory is very important in our life. In the thought too need some information’s from the sources like book, journal, internet, and many others to increasing useful of the thought. Thought and thinking are mental forms and processes, respectively. Thinking allows beings to model the world and to deal with it according to their objectives, plans, ends and desires. Words referring to similar concepts and processes include cognition, sentience, consciousness, idea, and imagination In language, must design with the style for making statements, arguments, in our conversations daily even thought its formal, informal and non formal situation in communications, so always interactions with the people in using language